Which muscles were most commonly treated in the study for plantar heel pain?

The correct answer highlights the muscles that play a crucial role in plantar heel pain, specifically focusing on those in the posterior and intrinsic aspects of the foot. The soleus and gastrocnemius are two primary muscles in the calf that significantly contribute to the mechanics of the foot and ankle. Dysfunction or tightness in these muscles can lead to increased tension on the plantar fascia, a common source of heel pain.

The quadratus plantae assists in stabilizing the foot and facilitating proper movement of the toes, while the flexor digitorum brevis (FDB) and abductor hallucis are intrinsic muscles that contribute to toe function and stability. Treating these specific muscles can help alleviate the symptoms associated with plantar heel pain by addressing the underlying muscular imbalances and tension that often exacerbate the condition.

In contrast, the other groups of muscles listed do not directly affect the plantar aspect of the foot to the same degree and thus are less likely to be the focus in treating this particular condition.